In brief
A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens that makes vision blurred or dim. It is common with age and can be treated with a safe, routine operation.
This information is general and does not replace an eye examination or advice from an eye-care professional. If you have a problem with your eyes or vision, please see an optometrist or ophthalmologist.
Signs of cataract
- Cloudy, misty or blurred vision.
- Glare from sunlight, headlights or lamps, and halos around lights.
- Colours that look faded or yellowed.
- Poorer vision at night.
- Spectacle prescriptions that need changing often.
What causes it
Ageing is the main cause. Diabetes, long-term steroid use, smoking, eye injury, previous eye surgery and heavy exposure to ultraviolet light can also contribute. Some babies are born with cataracts.
Treatment
In the early stages, stronger glasses and better lighting may help. When cataract interferes with daily life, surgery replaces the cloudy lens with a clear artificial lens. The decision on when to operate is made with an eye surgeon. Modern surgery does not require the cataract to be “ripe” first.
Protect your eyes
- Wear sunglasses that block ultraviolet light outdoors.
- Do not smoke.
- Keep diabetes under control.
- Have regular eye examinations.
Frequently asked questions
What are the first signs of a cataract?
Early signs include blurred or cloudy vision, glare around lights and difficulty seeing at night. Colours may also look faded.
Can cataracts be cured without surgery?
No medicine or exercise removes a cataract. Glasses can help in the early stages, but surgery is the only way to remove a cataract once it affects daily life.
Does cataract surgery hurt?
Surgery is normally done with numbing drops or local anaesthesia, and most people feel little or no pain. Your surgeon will explain what to expect.
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